Resources

Revised 2020

Note: This guide specification for the U.S. is for paving slabs supported by pedestals for pedestrian roof plaza decks. Slabs installed with these methods are not recommended for areas subject to vehicular traffic. Paving slabs 12 x 12 in. (300 x 300 mm) in length and width or larger are typically pedestal set. See detail drawing ICPI-66.

This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2020

Note: This guide specification for U.S. applications describes construction of permeable interlocking concrete pavers on a permeable, open-graded crushed stone bedding layer (typically ASTM No. 8 stone). The pavers and bedding layer are placed over geotextile-covered structural soil. This guide specification does not cover excavation, impermeable liners, perforated underdrain pipes, or structural soils. See CU-Structural Soil® A Comprehensive Guide for design and specification information. The application is for pedestrian use only. This pavement surface allows water to enter the soil thus benefitting trees and other vegetation planted in it while supporting pedestrian traffic. See detail drawing ICPI-83. Vehicular applications should be limited to automobiles and to intermittent, occasional use.

Edit this specification term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2021

Note: This guide specification for the U.S. is for concrete pavers on a sand bed with geotextile over a cement treated base (CTB). This assembly is for vehicular applications. CTB is highly recommended for gas station, street, industrial, port and airport pavements. Some guidelines are provided on CTB. However, its specification, as well as excavation and preparation of soil subgrade and subgrade drainage, are generally covered in other Sections.

This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Note: This guide specification for Canada is for concrete pavers on a sand bed with geotextile over a cement treated base (CTB). This assembly is for vehicular applications. CTB is highly recommended for gas station, street, industrial, port and airport pavements. Some guidelines are provided on CTB. However, its specification, as well as excavation and preparation of soil subgrade and subgrade drainage, are generally covered in other Sections.

This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2021

Note: This guide specification for concrete paver applications in U.S. for concrete pavers and bedding sand over a compacted aggregate base for pedestrian and vehicular applications. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Note: This guide specification for concrete paver applications in Canada for concrete pavers and bedding sand over a compacted aggregate base for pedestrian and vehicular applications. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2021

Note: This guide specification for the U.S. is for concrete pavers mortared to a concrete base with mortared joints for exterior applications. Pavers installed with this method recommended for areas subject to pedestrian traffic only. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

There are two methods used for mortared applications of concrete pavers. They are (1) setting pavers on a thick workable latexfortified mortar bed and (2) sometimes applying a bond coat and then a thin layer of latex-fortified mortar. The latter procedure is called term “thin set.” Both methods place mortar on a cured concrete base.

The installation methods referenced in this guide specification are found in ANSI Specifications for Installation of Ceramic Tile and the Tile Council of America’s Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation. Reading these references is a prerequisite to using this guide specification. Mortar manufacturers can provide additional guidance on selection and installation of their products depending on which installation method is chosen. Grout in this guide specification refers to mortar used to fill paver joints.

Note: This guide specification for Canada is for concrete pavers mortared to a concrete base with mortared joints for exterior applications. Pavers installed with this method recommended for areas subject to pedestrian traffic only. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

There are two methods used for mortared applications of concrete pavers. They are (1) setting pavers on a thick workable latexfortified mortar bed and (2) sometimes applying a bond coat and then a thin layer of latex-fortified mortar. The latter procedure is called term “thin set.” Both methods place mortar on a cured concrete base.

The installation methods referenced in this guide specification are found in ANSI Specifications for Installation of Ceramic Tile and the Tile Council of America’s Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation. Reading these references is a prerequisite to using this guide specification. Mortar manufacturers can provide additional guidance on selection and installation of their products depending on which installation method is chosen. Grout in this guide specification refers to mortar used to fill paver joints.

Revised 2020

Note: This guide specification for the U.S. is for pavers used as ballast and/or paving on pedestrian plaza and vehicular roof deck applications with an open-graded aggregate setting bed and joints (to facilitate drainage) over an optional drainage mat. Drainage mats should not be used in vehicular areas. Vehicular roof decks should receive limited vehicular traffic, i.e. automobiles and occasional light trucks.

This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements.

CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2021

Note: This guide specification for the U.S. is for applications of concrete pavers adhered with polymer adhesive onto a rigid base, typically cast-in-place concrete. This specification is not recommended for pavements subject to vehicular traffic. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Note: This guide specification for Canada is for applications of concrete pavers adhered with polymer adhesive onto a rigid base, typically cast-in-place concrete. This specification is not recommended for pavements subject to vehicular traffic. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2021

Note: This guide specification for the U.S. is for the construction of a new or rehabilitative overlay of concrete pavers and bedding sand over an existing asphalt or concrete base. Applications include pedestrian and vehicular areas. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Note: This guide specification for Canada is for the construction of a new or rehabilitative overlay of concrete pavers and bedding sand over an existing asphalt or concrete base. Applications include pedestrian and vehicular areas. This Section includes the term “Architect.” Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in the General Conditions of the Contract. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Revised 2021

Note: This is a guide specification for installation of interlocking concrete pavers in the U.S. using mechanical equipment. This document is intended for large road, industrial and port pavements involving engineers, project inspectors, general contractors, paver installation contractors, and paver manufacturers. Like every large paving project, mechanical installation of interlocking concrete pavements requires forethought and planning among all these parties from its inception. This specification should be used as a tool to facilitate that planning process, as well as for quality control and quality assurance processes during the project. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Notes are provided for consideration in the editing process. Selected paragraphs and phrases are [bracketed] for editing during project planning and drafting this specification. The following should be read as preparation for editing this guide specification: ICPI Tech Spec 11 Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements and ICPI Tech Spec 15 A Guide for the Specification of Mechanically Installed Interlocking Concrete Pavements. Structural design for street pavements is covered in ICPI Tech Spec 4 Structural Design of Interlocking Concrete Pavements and in ASCE 58-16 Structural Design of Interlocking Concrete Pavement for Municipal Streets and Roadways. Industrial and port pavement design is covered in the ICPI manual, Port and Industrial Pavement Design with Concrete Pavers – Second Edition.

The term Contractor designates the general contractor, Subcontractor designates the concrete paver installation subcontractor, and Manufacturer designates the concrete paver producer or supplier. The contractual relationships among the Owner, Engineer, General Contractor, Subcontractors, and Manufacturers will vary with each project. This document assumes that the Engineer works for the Owner who hires a General Contractor to build the project. The General Contractor subcontracts to a company specializing in interlocking concrete paving. The Subcontractor purchases pavers from a paver Manufacturer. The Engineer or employees working for the owner inspect and accept the paving. This guide specification provides a Quality Control Plan and mock-up as the bases of acceptance before paving begins.

Note: This is a guide specification for installation of interlocking concrete pavers in Canada using mechanical equipment. It is intended for large road, industrial and port pavements involving engineers, project inspectors, general contractors, paver installation contractors, and paver manufacturers. Like every large paving project, mechanical installation of interlocking concrete pavements requires forethought and planning among all these parties from its inception. This specification should be used as a tool to facilitate that planning process, as well as for quality control and quality assurance processes during the project. The text must be edited by a qualified, licensed design professional to suit specific project requirements. CMHA makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied, and disclaims any liability for damages resulting in the use of this guide construction specification.

Notes are provided for consideration in the editing process. Selected paragraphs and phrases are [bracketed] for editing during project planning and drafting this specification. The following should be read as preparation for editing this guide specification: ICPI Tech Spec 11 Mechanical Installation of Interlocking Concrete Pavements and ICPI Tech Spec 15 A Guide for the Specification of Mechanically Installed Interlocking Concrete Pavements. Structural design for street pavements is covered in ICPI Tech Spec 4 Structural Design of Interlocking Concrete Pavements and in ASCE 58-16 Structural Design of Interlocking Concrete Pavement for Municipal Streets and Roadways. Industrial and port pavement design is covered in the ICPI manual, Port and Industrial Pavement Design with Concrete Pavers – Second Edition.

The term Contractor designates the general contractor, Subcontractor designates the concrete paver installation subcontractor, and Manufacturer designates the concrete paver producer or supplier. The contractual relationships among the Owner, Engineer, General Contractor, Subcontractors, and Manufacturers will vary with each project. This document assumes that the Engineer works for the Owner who hires a General Contractor to build the project. The General Contractor subcontracts to a company specializing in interlocking concrete paving. The Subcontractor purchases pavers from a paver Manufacturer. The Engineer or employees working for the owner inspect and accept the paving. This guide specification provides a Quality Control Plan and mock-up as the bases of acceptance before paving begins.